Botswana faces challenges from its surging elephant population, despite successful conservation efforts. This overpopulation leads to environmental damage through vegetation stripping and overgrazing, increased human-elephant conflict involving crop raiding and property damage, and financial strains from management costs. Potential solutions include controlled hunting, relocation, community engagement, habitat management, contraception research, and policy reforms. A balanced approach is needed to ensure ecological sustainability, human well-being, and harmonious coexistence between elephants and humans.
