Pesticide poisoning poses a severe threat to Africa’s wildlife, driven largely by the misuse of cheap, accessible chemicals for poaching and predator control. Poachers often poison carcasses, grains or waterholes, indiscriminately killing both targeted and non-target species. Vultures and scavengers suffer especially high mortality rates, leading to ecological disruption and biodiversity loss. Although most African countries prohibit the use of poisons for hunting, enforcement is weak due to poor regulation, minimal penalties and widespread illegal pesticide trade. The highly toxic carbofuran is frequently involved. This crisis also endangers human health through contaminated meat. Addressing the issue requires stricter regulations, better enforcement, public education, and cross-border cooperation. Investing in forensic capacity, community engagement, and sustainable livelihood programs can help curb poisoning and support long-term wildlife conservation across the continent. Without urgent action, Africa risks losing key species and critical ecosystem services essential to both nature and people.
